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A new report by the United Nations Security Council’s Group of Experts has reignited tensions in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), accusing both Uganda and Rwanda of supporting the M23 rebel group. The report comes amidst escalating clashes in the mineral-rich eastern DRC, a region plagued by conflict for decades.
The UN alleges Ugandan military officials actively aided the M23, with evidence suggesting meetings between M23 leaders and Ugandan officials. Additionally, the report claims Uganda failed to prevent M23 and Rwandan troops from operating on or transiting through Ugandan territory. Ugandan military spokesperson Deo Akiiki vehemently denied these accusations, highlighting their ongoing joint operations with the DRC against another rebel group.
Rwanda faces similar accusations, with the UN report alleging “de facto control” of M23 operations by Rwandan forces. The report estimates 3,000-4,000 Rwandan soldiers are fighting alongside the M23. Rwanda has consistently denied involvement, while the DRC’s Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Therese Kayikwamba Wagner, accused Rwanda of a continued military presence and fueling displacement.
Both Uganda and Rwanda have historical ties to the conflict. Both countries invaded the DRC in the late 1990s, citing threats from local militia groups. The recent UN report reignites long-standing tensions, with Rwanda further accusing the DRC of supporting the FDLR, a Hutu rebel group blamed for attacks on Tutsis in both countries.
The renewed fighting comes after a U.S.-brokered ceasefire plan collapsed. The fragile peace aimed to de-escalate hostilities, facilitate the return of displaced persons, and allow aid access.
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